Operational Risk Management Analysis Based On Severity Level And Frequency In The School Risk Management Framework: A Qualitative Study At SMPN 50 Bandung

Abstract

Operational risks in schools continue to rise in line with the increasing complexity of learning activities, the dynamic behavior of students, and the growing reliance on infrastructure and information technology. This study aims to analyze the types of operational risks at SMPN 50 Bandung, map their severity and likelihood levels, and evaluate the school’s mitigation strategies within the framework of modern risk management. Using a descriptive qualitative approach, data were collected through semi-structured interviews, field observations, and document analysis. Informants included the principal, vice principal for facilities, teachers, security officers, administrative staff, and students. The findings identify five major categories of risk: student safety, infrastructure, environmental security, information technology, and student discipline. The severity–likelihood analysis shows that three risks fall into the high-risk category; electrical short circuits, unidentified visitors, and sports-related injuries—while others fall into medium and low categories. Mitigation strategies consist of preventive, corrective, and responsive actions, though implementation remains inconsistent due to limited budgets, human resources, and risk management literacy. The study recommends developing integrated risk SOPs, strengthening staff capacity, prioritizing infrastructure improvements, and conducting regular risk audits. These findings are expected to serve as a reference for other schools in enhancing safety culture and improving operational preparedness.