THE EFFECT OF THE WORK ENVIRONMENT AND TRANSFORMATIONAL LEADERSHIP ON PERFORMANCE, WITH ORGANIZATIONAL COMMITMENT AS AN INTERVENING VARIABLE AMONG LECTURERS

DOI: https://doi.org/10.33650/profit.v10i1.14257
Authors

(1) * Mia Kartika Silitonga   (Univeritas Prima Indonesia)  
        Indonesia
(2)  Nagian Toni   (Univeritas Prima Indonesia)  
        Indonesia
(3)  Salman Faris   (Univeritas Prima Indonesia)  
        Indonesia
(*) Corresponding Author

Abstract


This study aims to analyse the influence of transformational leadership and the work environment on lecturer performance, with organisational commitment as a mediating variable. Transformational leadership is a leadership style that emphasises value transformation, integrity, and individual empowerment within educational organisations. Meanwhile, a conducive work environment is believed to foster collaboration and support the achievement of institutional goals. The Research used a quantitative approach, distributing questionnaires to 41 lecturers as respondents, resulting in a saturated sample. The data were then analysed using Structural Equation Modelling (SEM) to examine the relationships among variables. The results indicate that transformational leadership and the work environment positively affect organisational commitment, which, in turn, improves lecturer performance. This finding underscores the important roles of leadership and the work environment in strengthening organisational commitment, enabling educational institutions to encourage continuous improvement in academic performance.

Keywords

Work Environment; Transformational Leadership; Organizational Commitment; Lecturer Performance.



Full Text: PDF



References


Ahmad Refqi Auliyah Rahman, Ngatimun, & Titin Krisnawati. (2025). PENGARUH KOMPETENSI, LINGKUNGAN KERJA DAN KEPEMIMPINAN TERHADAP KINERJA PEGAWAI PADA PERUM PERHUTANI KPH PROBOLINGGO. Journal of Social and Economics Research, 7(1), 649–663. https://doi.org/10.54783/jser.v7i1.850

Aisyah, Lumbanraja, P., Absah, Y., & Silalahi, A. S. (2025). Leadership Dynamics in Government Institutions: The Paradox of Performance and Innovation under Bureaucratic Structures. International Review of Management and Marketing , 15(2), 20–31. https://doi.org/10.32479/irmm.18029

Anggi Prabowo, & Wenny Desty Febrian. (2025). Pengaruh Kepemimpinan Transformasional, Lingkungan Kerja dan Motivasi Kerja terhadap Kinerja Karyawan PT. XYZ. Jurnal Kewirausahaan Dan Multi Talenta, 3(3), 125–134. https://doi.org/10.38035/jkmt.v3i3.450

Anggraeni, S., & Cahyono, E. (2024). Pengaruh Lingkungan Kerja, Kepemimpinan Islami, Dan Budaya Organisasi Islami Terhadap Kinerja Karyawan Dengan Kepuasan Kerja Sebagau Variabel Mediasi (Studi Pada Karyawan PT. Nada Surya Tunggal). Journal MISSY (Management and Business Strategy), 5(1), 1–12. https://doi.org/10.24929/missy.v5i1.3493

Astika, I. K., Muryati, M., & Mas’ud, M. (2025). Pengaruh Kepemimpinan dan Lingkungan Kerja Terhadap Komitmen Organisasi Serta Implikasinya pada Prestasi Kerja. Jurnal Ilmu Manajemen, 11(1). https://doi.org/10.31328/jim.2025.012

Dewanti, S. A., & Wahyudi, W. (2025). Pengaruh Budaya Organisasi , Lingkungan Kerja , dan Gaya Kepemimpinan terhadap Loyalitas ( Studi pada Relawan Mengajar Komunitas Jendela Jakarta ). Jurnal Ekonomi, Akuntansi, Dan Perpajakan, 2(1), 326–335.

Dimple, & Tripathi, M. (2024). Bridging the Gap Between High-Performance Work System and Organizational Performance: Role of Organizational Agility, Transformational Leadership, and Human Resource Flexibility. Global Journal of Flexible Systems Management, 25(2), 369–393. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40171-024-00395-y

El Achi, S., Jabbour Al Maalouf, N., Barakat, H., & Mawad, J. L. (2025). The Impact of Transformational Leadership and Work Environment on Teachers’ Performance in Crisis-Affected Educational Settings. Administrative Sciences, 15(7). https://doi.org/10.3390/admsci15070256

Febriyanti, E., & Chairun Nisa, P. (2025). The Effect of Work Conflict on Employee Performance: The Moderating Role of Transformational Leadership. International Journal of Economics, Management and Accounting (IJEMA), 2(10), 867–884. https://doi.org/10.47353/ijema.v2i10.256

Gündüz Çekmecelioğlu, H., Özcan, M., Balkaş, J., & Candan Çam, F. B. (2025). Transformational or Transactional? A Comparison of the Effects of Leadership Styles on Firm Performance and Innovation in the Turkish Work Environment. SAGE Open, 15(3). https://doi.org/10.1177/21582440251367515

Halim, U., Ali, M. N. S., & Mohamed Salleh, S. (2025). Digital Inequality through Digital Skills and Usage: Examining Cultural Outcomes of Internet Use among Employees in Private University. E-Bangi Journal of Social Science and Humanities, 22(2). https://doi.org/10.17576/ebangi.2025.2202.01

Henky Andrian, M. D., Ngatimun, N., & Pujiastutik, A. (2023). Pengaruh Lingkungan Kerja, Gaya Kepemimpinan dan Semangat Kerja Terhadap Kinerja Pegawai Puskesmas Kedopok Kota Probolinggo. JUMAD : Journal Management, Accounting, & Digital Business, 1(3), 341–350. https://doi.org/10.51747/jumad.v1i3.1393

Huang, Q., Wang, L., Huang, H., Tang, H., Liu, J., & Chen, C. (2025). Transformational leadership, psychological empowerment, work engagement and intensive care nurses’ job performance: a cross-sectional study using structural equation modeling. BMC Nursing, 24(1). https://doi.org/10.1186/s12912-025-03685-7

Jonatan, E. F., & Masman, R. R. (2025). Pengaruh Kepemimpinan, Lingkungan Kerja, dan Budaya Organisasi terhadap Kinerja Karyawan Melalui Kepuasan Kerja. Jurnal Manajerial Dan Kewirausahaan, 7(2), 492–500. https://doi.org/10.24912/jmk.v7i2.34006

Khasanah, Hardhienata, S., & Setyaningsih, S. (2025). Work Stress of Lecturers in the Perspective of Educational Management. Jurnal Multidisiplin Madani, 5(4), 323–329. https://doi.org/10.55927/mudima.v5i4.160

Lestari, N. K. R. D., Anggriani, R., Cahyadi, I., Yuliana, I., & Talidobel, S. (2025). Pengaruh Work Life Balance, Lingkungan Kerja dan Kepemimpinan Terhadap Kepuasan Kerja Karyawan (Studi pada Karyawan PT. PLN Persero Unit Induk Wilayah (UIW NTB). RIGGS: Journal of Artificial Intelligence and Digital Business, 4(3), 2201–2210. https://doi.org/10.31004/riggs.v4i3.2280

Mulyadi, M., Helty, H., Vahlepi, S., & Sastrawati, E. (2024). The Effect of Work Environment, Transformational Leadership Style, and Principal Management Skill Towards Teacher Performance: The Role of Teacher Competency as A Mediation Variable. JETL (Journal of Education, Teaching and Learning), 9(1), 185. https://doi.org/10.26737/jetl.v9i1.3713

Mulyarta, I. G. S., Sudjana, I. M., & Agustina, A. (2023). Pengaruh Lingkungan Kerja, Motivasi Dan Kepemimpinan Terhadap Kinerja Karyawan. Jurnal Ilmiah Pariwisata Dan Bisnis, 2(7), 1519–1529. https://doi.org/10.22334/paris.v2i7.473

Nasution, A. E., & Hermawan, B. (2024). Studi Kinerja Karyawan: Lingkungan Kerja dan Gaya Kepemimpinan Melalui Motivasi Kerja. Jesya, 7(2), 1374–1385. https://doi.org/10.36778/jesya.v7i2.1685

Nugroho, W. A., & Tahwin, M. (2023). PENGARUH LINGKUNGAN KERJA, KEPEMIMPINAN DAN PENGAWASAN TERHADAP KINERJA PEGAWAI BADAN KEPEGAWAIAN DAERAH KABUPATEN REMBANG. Jurnal Ilmiah Fokus Ekonomi, Manajemen, Bisnis & Akuntansi (EMBA), 1(3), 267–273. https://doi.org/10.34152/emba.v1i3.520

Pambayun, P. A. (2024). PENGARUH MOTIVASI, KEPUASAN KERJA, LINGKUNGAN KERJA, DAN GAYA KEPEMIMPINAN TERHADAP KINERJA ASN SEKRETARIAT DAERAH KOTA METRO. Jurnal Bisnis Dan Kajian Strategi Manajemen, 8(1). https://doi.org/10.35308/jbkan.v8i1.9219

Pasya, D. J., Kusuma Wardani, A. N., & Yuwono, S. (2024). PENGARUH STATUS KERJA, LINGKUNGAN KERJA DAN KEPEMIMPINAN TERHADAP KETERIKATAN KERJA GURU DAN PEGAWAI. Jurnal Ilmiah Ekonomi Manajemen Jurnal Ilmiah Multi Science, 14(2), 69–77. https://doi.org/10.52657/jiem.v14i2.2252

Retno Kemala, E., & Farlis, F. (2025a). Dharma Andalas Melalui Motivasi Sebagai Variabel Intervening. In Bisnis Dharma Andalas (Vol. 27).

Retno Kemala, E., & Farlis, F. (2025b). Pengaruh Gaya Kepemimpinan, Lingkungan Kerja dan BurnoutTerhadap Work Life Balance Pada Pekerja Perempuan di Universitas Dharma Andalas Melalui Motivasi Sebagai Variabel Intervening. Bisnis Dharma Andalas, 27(2), 172–185.

Satish, R., Gangadharan, S., Chandrasekaran, S., Roy, J., & Sharma, R. (2025). AI-Enabled Transformational Leadership for Improving Healthcare Workforce and Performance Improvement. International Journal of Accounting and Economics Studies, 12(SI-1), 137–141. https://doi.org/10.14419/tzbx7934

Stiawan, N. D., Huzdafidah, K., & Widayanto, M. T. (2023). Pengaruh Lingkungan Kerja Gaya Kepemimpinan Dan Kompensasi Terhadap Kinerja Karyawan CV. Pia Manalagi Kota Probolinggo. JUMAD : Journal Management, Accounting, & Digital Business, 1(5), 741–750. https://doi.org/10.51747/jumad.v1i5.1483

Subagio, H., & Putri, N. R. P. (2024). PENGARUH GAYA KEPEMIMPINAN, MOTIVASI DAN LINGKUNGAN KERJA TERHADAP KEPUASAN KERJA. Jurnal Akuntansi, Keuangan, Perpajakan Dan Tata Kelola Perusahaan, 1(3), 109–117. https://doi.org/10.59407/jakpt.v1i3.551

Subandi, Notosudjono, D., & Sunaryo, W. (2023). Improving the Quality Services of Lecturers through Strengthening Organizational Support, Service Leadership, Personality, and Job Satisfaction for Health Polytechnic Lecturers at the Ministry of Health in Bandung. Seybold Report Journal, 18(10), 162–193. Retrieved from https://seybold-report.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/12/Subandirev1-1.pdf

Sunaryo, W., Yusnita, N., Herfina, H., Wulandari, D., & Suhendra, S. (2023). The effects of digital transformational leadership, work environment and motivation on reinforc-ing job satisfaction: Evidence from vocational schools. International Journal of Data and Network Science, 7(2), 883–890. https://doi.org/10.5267/j.ijdns.2022.12.023

Sutanto, E., Santoso, T., & Halim, K. (2025). EMPLOYEE ENGAGEMENT: THE ROLE OF TRANSFORMATIONAL LEADERSHIP, WORK ENVIRONMENT, AND JOB SATISFACTION. TRIKONOMIKA, 24(1), 9–20. https://doi.org/10.23969/trikonomika.v24i1.18534

Sutoro, M. (2024). Pengaruh Komunikasi, Lingkungan Kerja dan Kepemimpinan terhadap Kinerja Karyawan di Kantor Pusat PT Angkasa Pura II. Jurnal Ekonomi Efektif, 6(3), 457–466. https://doi.org/10.32493/jee.v6i3.39412

Wulandari, D., & Wibowo, M. (2024). Pengaruh Lingkungan Kerja, Gaya Kepemimpinan Dan Budaya Organisasi Terhadap Kinerja Karyawan Pada RS Surya Medika Gresik. JEBS (Jurnal Ekonomi, Bisnis, Dan Sosial), 2(3), 21–30. Retrieved from http://repository.untar.ac.id/40143/1/Cindy Dian Lestati 115190266 JA.pdf

Xuan, L. H. T., Huan, D. D., Dung, M. N. T., & Dinh, H. P. (2025). HOW TRANSFORMATIONAL LEADERSHIP AFFECTS JOB PERFORMANCE AMONG HOSPITAL EMPLOYEES: DOES POWER DISTANCE MATTER? Problems and Perspectives in Management, 23(2), 482–497. https://doi.org/10.21511/ppm.23(2).2025.35

Yu, X., & Jang, G. (2024). A framework for transformational leadership to enhance teacher’s work performance. Frontiers in Psychology, 15. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2024.1331597

Zulher, Norawati, S., Effendi, F., & Jatiningrum, C. (2025). Elevate The Employee Performance: Interplay of Job Satisfaction as Moderating on Transformational Leadership Style and Work Environment Department of Postgraduate Magister Management program. JDM (Jurnal Dinamika Manajemen), 16(1), 1–21. Retrieved from http://jdm.unnes.ac.id


Dimensions, PlumX, and Google Scholar Metrics

10.33650/profit.v10i1.14257


Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.


Copyright (c) 2026 Mia Kartika Silitonga

 



Creative Commons License

 

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.

Profit : Jurnal Kajian Ekonomi dan Perbankan Syariah
Published by Islamic Faculty of Nurul Jadid University, Probolinggo, East Java, Indonesia.