Hubungan Pola Makan dengan Kejadian Kekurangan Energi Kronik pada Ibu Hamil di Puskesmas Panti Kabupaten Jember

Abstract

According to the Indonesian Ministry of Health (2022), the prevalence of Chronic Energy Deficiency (CED) among pregnant women was 8.43%. The Jember Health Profile data for 2024 recorded 4,758 pregnant women with Chronic Energy Deficiency (CED), accounting for 14.25% of all pregnant women. Meanwhile, data from Panti Public Health Center reported 156 pregnant women with CED, or 16.05%.Objective: To determine the relationship between dietary patterns and the incidence of Chronic Energy Deficiency (CED) among pregnant women in the working area of Panti Health Center, Jember Regency. Methods: This study used a correlational analytic design with a cross-sectional approach. The population consisted of 72 pregnant women from Serut and Suci villages, selected using simple random sampling. Data collection instruments included a dietary pattern questionnaire and MUAC (Mid-Upper Arm Circumference) tape. Data were analyzed using the Chi-square test. Results: The results showed a significant association between dietary patterns and the incidence of Chronic Energy Deficiency (CED) among pregnant women in the working area of Panti Public Health Center, Jember Regency. The Chi-square test showed a statistically significant association (p<0.001), with a contingency coefficient of 0.431, indicating a moderate strength of association. Suggestion: Pregnant women should pay close attention to their daily eating habits by consuming a balanced, nutritious diet as outlined in the Indonesian ‘My Plate’ (Isi Piringku) guideline—filling half their plate with fruits and vegetables, and dividing the other half equally between carbohydrates and protein—to prevent Chronic Energy Deficiency (CED). Following this approach can help reduce risks of prolonged labor, premature birth, and adverse fetal outcomes such as miscarriage, low birth weight, and neonatal mortality.