Internalization of Religious Moderation Based on Wasathiyah Habitus in Constructing Santri's Tolerance Attitude in Pesantren


Authors

(1) * sulhan anam   (Ahmad Sibawayhie Islamic College, Situbondo)  
        Indonesia
(2)  Muhammad Aldi   (Ahmad Sibawayhie Islamic College, Situbondo, Indonesia)  
        Indonesia
(*) Corresponding Author

Abstract


This article aims to describe, analyze, and construct Habitus Wasathiyah Model for internalization of religious moderation in constructing toleran attitude of santri at Zainul Hasan Genggong Islamic Boarding School, Probolinggo. The study departs from 65 intolerance cases in Indonesia from 2019-2023 and strategic role of pesantren as authentic laboratory of Wasathiyah. Using qualitative case study from April to July 2026, data were collected through participant observation, in-depth interviews with nine informants consisting of Kyai, curriculum head, teachers, and santri, and documentation. Data analysis employed Miles, Huberman, and Saldana model: condensation, display, and conclusion drawing/verification with triangulation. Findings reveal internalization is systematically constructed through three interrelated pathways. First, Formal Pathway via integration of moderation values at new santri admission, independence day commemoration, and moderation books. Second, Cultural Pathway via Classical Islamic texts study including Tafsir Jalalain, Ihya Ulumuddin, and Al-Hikam based on Ahlussunnah wal Jamaah containing implicit wasathiyah values. Third, Social Pathway via lived practices including openness to interfaith visits of five religions, KKN themed Moderasi Beragama Berbasis Masjid dan Aswaja at UNZAH, and routine kerja bakti. Analytically, this process corresponds to Muhaimin's transformation, transaction, transinternalization and Lickona's moral knowing, feeling, action. Internalized values of tawassuth, tawazun, i'tidal, and tolerance manifest into Ministry indicators: internal harmony, nationalism, respect for government, and accommodative culture. The model contributes theoretically by developing Bourdieu's habitus into Islamic education where moderation becomes embodied disposition and operationalizing Al-Ghazali into modern pesantren management. Practically, it provides blueprint for leaders to institutionalize moderation through daily culture and exemplary role models



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