Arif, M., Aziz, M. K. N. A., & Ma'arif, M. A. (2025). A recent study on Islamic religious education teachers' competencies in the digital age: A systematic literature review. Journal of Education and Learning (EduLearn), 19(2), 587–596. https://doi.org/10.11591/edulearn.v19i2.21311
Bećirović, S. (2023). Fostering digital competence in teachers: A review of existing frameworks. In Digital pedagogy: The use of digital technologies in contemporary education (pp. 51–67). Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-99-0444-0_5
Deani, A., Putri, G. J., Perizga, A., & Yudianda, E. (2025). Empowering Indonesian language teachers' digital competence through community-based Padlet training: A comprehensive mixed-methods action research study on L1 writing instruction. Journal of Innovative and Creativity, 5(2), 14608–14622. https://doi.org/10.31004/joecy.v5i2.2386
Demeshkant, N., Trusz, S., & Potyrała, K. (2022). Interrelationship between levels of digital competences and technological, pedagogical and content knowledge (TPACK): A preliminary study with Polish academic teachers. Technology, Pedagogy and Education, 31(5), 579–595. https://doi.org/10.1080/1475939X.2022.2092547
Fahmi, J. N., & Rochmiyati, S. (2024). Pengaruh jurnal membaca digital terhadap kemampuan literasi siswa kelas V sekolah dasar. Ideguru: Jurnal Karya Ilmiah Guru, 9(1), 71–77. https://doi.org/10.51169/ideguru.v9i1.745
Fernández-Batanero, J. M., Montenegro-Rueda, M., Fernández-Cerero, J., & García-Martínez, I. (2022). Digital competences for teacher professional development. Systematic review. European Journal of Teacher Education, 45(4), 513–531. https://doi.org/10.1080/02619768.2020.1827389
Hendratno, Amalia, E., Istiq'faroh, N., Siswanto, B. E., & Mufidah, Z. R. (2025). Pelatihan literasi digital Canva untuk guru sekolah dasar. Kontribusi: Jurnal Penelitian dan Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat, 5(2), 242–251. https://doi.org/10.53624/kontribusi.v5i2.524
Hidayat, D. N., Defianty, M., Kultsum, U., Lee, J. Y., & Ramadhan, S. (2026). Determinants of digital competence among English language teachers in Indonesian madrasahs. Indonesian Journal of Applied Linguistics, 15(3), 510–522. https://doi.org/10.17509/n68yf650
Kazu, İ. Y., & Kuvvetli, M. (2023). A triangulation method on the effectiveness of digital game-based language learning for vocabulary acquisition. Education and Information Technologies, 28(10), 13541–13567. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10639-023-11756-y
Kementerian Pendidikan Dasar dan Menengah. (2025). Peraturan Menteri Pendidikan Dasar dan Menengah Nomor 13 Tahun 2025 tentang Perubahan atas Peraturan Menteri Pendidikan, Kebudayaan, Riset, dan Teknologi Nomor 12 Tahun 2024 tentang Kurikulum pada Pendidikan Anak Usia Dini, Jenjang Pendidikan Dasar, dan Jenjang Pendidikan Menengah. https://jdih.kemendikdasmen.go.id/detail_peraturan?main=3537
Kocaarslan, G. E., & Eryaman, M. R. (2024). Using “Canva for Education” application with collaborative learning in visual arts lesson: Sample activities for teachers. Elektronik Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 23(90), 849–866. https://doi.org/10.17755/esosder.1371676
Li, S., Liu, Y., & Su, Y.-S. (2022). Differential analysis of teachers' technological pedagogical content knowledge (TPACK) abilities according to teaching stages and educational levels. Sustainability, 14(12), Article 7176. https://doi.org/10.3390/su14127176
Liu, P.-L., Chen, C.-J., & Huang, C.-Y. (2025). Evaluating the effectiveness of Quizizz for enhancing English vocabulary acquisition and engagement among rural elementary students. SAGE Open, 15(4). https://doi.org/10.1177/21582440251379697
Mehta, K. J., Miletich, I., & Detyna, M. (2021). Content-specific differences in Padlet perception for collaborative learning amongst undergraduate students. Research in Learning Technology, 29, Article 2551. https://doi.org/10.25304/rlt.v29.2551
Mishra, P., & Koehler, M. J. (2006). Technological pedagogical content knowledge: A framework for teacher knowledge. Teachers College Record, 108(6), 1017–1054. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9620.2006.00684.x
Muslimin, A. I., Mukminatien, N., & Ivone, F. M. (2023). TPACK-SAMR digital literacy competence, technostress, and teaching performance: Correlational study among EFL lecturers. Contemporary Educational Technology, 15(2), Article ep409. https://doi.org/10.30935/cedtech/12921
Permana, P., Permatawati, I., & Khoerudin, E. (2023). Foreign language learning gamification using Quizizz: A systematic review based on students' perception. Eralingua: Jurnal Pendidikan Bahasa Asing dan Sastra, 7(2), 233–249. https://doi.org/10.26858/eralingua.v7i2.23969
Pongsakdi, N., Kortelainen, A., & Veermans, M. (2021). The impact of digital pedagogy training on in-service teachers' attitudes towards digital technologies. Education and Information Technologies, 26(5), 5041–5054. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10639-021-10439-w
Putra, L. D., & Filianti. (2022). Pemanfaatan Canva for Education sebagai media pembelajaran kreatif dan kolaboratif untuk pembelajaran jarak jauh. EDUCATE: Jurnal Teknologi Pendidikan, 7(1), 125–138. https://doi.org/10.32832/educate.v7i1.6315
Qazi, A. G., Mustafa, M. Y., Mtenzi, F. J., & Valcke, M. (2023). Mobile technology as an alternative teaching strategy amidst COVID-19 hiatus: Exploring pedagogical possibilities and implications for teacher development. Education Sciences, 13(4), Article 385. https://doi.org/10.3390/educsci13040385
Rahmawati, S., Prestridge, S., Abdullah, A. G., & Widiaty, I. (2025). Unpacking the digital competence challenge in vocational education: A case from Indonesia. Social Sciences & Humanities Open, 12, Article 101803. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ssaho.2025.101803
Rahmi, I., & Rassanjani, S. (2025). Enhancing teacher quality in Indonesia: The impact of teacher professional development on achieving sustainable development goal 4.c. Social Sciences & Humanities Open, 12, Article 102123. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ssaho.2025.102123
Schmid, M., Brianza, E., & Petko, D. (2020). Developing a short assessment instrument for technological pedagogical content knowledge (TPACK.xs) and comparing the factor structure of an integrative and a transformative model. Computers & Education, 157, Article 103967. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compedu.2020.103967
Sims, S., & Fletcher-Wood, H. (2021). Identifying the characteristics of effective teacher professional development: A critical review. School Effectiveness and School Improvement, 32(1), 47–63. https://doi.org/10.1080/09243453.2020.1772841
Su, Y. (2023). Delving into EFL teachers' digital literacy and professional identity in the pandemic era: Technological pedagogical content knowledge (TPACK) framework. Heliyon, 9(6), Article e16361. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e16361
Suttrisno, & Yulia, N. M. (2022). Pengembangan kompetensi guru dalam mendesain pembelajaran pada Kurikulum Merdeka. Al-Mudarris: Journal of Education, 5(1). https://doi.org/10.32478/al-mudarris.v5i1.954
Tinmaz, H., Lee, Y.-T., Fanea-Ivanovici, M., & Baber, H. (2022). A systematic review on digital literacy. Smart Learning Environments, 9, Article 21. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40561-022-00204-y
Yuliana, E., Nirmala, S. D., & Ardiasih, L. S. (2023). Pengaruh literasi digital guru dan lingkungan belajar terhadap hasil belajar siswa sekolah dasar. Jurnal Basicedu, 7(1), 28–37. https://doi.org/10.31004/basicedu.v7i1.4196
Zhang, L., Yang, C., & Zheng, Y. (2026). Digital competence for sustainable education of pre-service teachers: A systematic literature review (2014–2024). Frontiers in Psychology, 16, Article 1710983. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2025.1710983