The Dual Effect of Target Pressure on Economic Productivity: Achieving Efficiency Through Human Resource Capacity


Authors

(1) * Khosnol Khotimah   (Universitas Islam Zainul Hasan Genggong, Indonesia)  
        Indonesia
(2)  Ifa Musdhalifah   (Universitas Islam Zainul Hasan Genggong, Indonesia)  
        Indonesia
(*) Corresponding Author

Abstract


Target pressure has become a dominant mechanism in modern organizations to enhance productivity, yet it often generates both motivational and psychological consequences for employees. This study aims to analyze the dual effect of target pressure on economic productivity through human resource capacity as a moderating factor. A qualitative phenomenological approach was applied involving 25 informants consisting of managers, supervisors, and operational employees selected through purposive sampling. Data were collected through in-depth interviews, observation, and documentation, then analyzed using Miles and Huberman’s interactive model. The findings reveal that moderate target pressure improves focus, discipline, and efficiency, whereas excessive pressure leads to stress, errors, and a decline in performance. Human resource capacity is identified as a key factor determining whether pressure enhances or reduces productivity. The study contributes a dual-effect productivity model integrating psychological and human capital perspectives. It recommends that organizations balance performance targets with continuous employee capacity development to ensure sustainable productivity outcomes.



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References


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