THE EFFECT OF FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE ON THE PROFITABILITY OF BANK SYARIAH IN INDONESIA THROUGH NET INCOME WITH PATH ANALYSIS

DOI: https://doi.org/10.33650/profit.v10i1.13811
Authors

(1) * Rizka Mauliddiana   (Universitas Negeri Surabaya)  
        Indonesia
(2)  Aufar Fadlul Hady   (Universitas Trunojoyo Madura Center of Islamic Social Finance (CISF))  
        Indonesia
(3)  Clarashinta Canggih   (Universitas Negeri Surabaya)  
        Indonesia
(*) Corresponding Author

Abstract


Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan pengaruh rasio keuangan CAR, NPF, dan FDR terhadap profitabilitas perbankan syariah di Indonesia dengan rasio Laba Bersih sebagai variabel intervening. Menggunakan data sekunder dari Laporan Keuangan Triwulanan Perbankan Syariah Indonesia tahun 2020–2024, penelitian ini menggunakan metodologi penelitian kuantitatif deskriptif. Pengambilan sampel purposif digunakan dalam proses pemilihan sampel, menghasilkan ukuran sampel sebanyak 140 titik data yang memenuhi persyaratan penelitian. CAR dan FDR memiliki dampak substansial terhadap Laba Bersih, menurut temuan uji analisis jalur menggunakan alat analisis Eviews pada model pertama. Sebaliknya, Laba Bersih tidak banyak dipengaruhi oleh variabel NPF. Temuan uji analisis jalur pada model kedua menunjukkan bahwa ROA secara signifikan dipengaruhi oleh variabel CAR dan NI. Sementara itu, ROA tidak dipengaruhi oleh faktor NPF dan FDR. Uji Sobel mengungkapkan bahwa Laba Bersih dapat secara tidak langsung memoderasi dampak CAR terhadap ROA. Dampak tidak langsung NPF dan FDR terhadap ROA tidak dapat dimediasi oleh pendapatan bersih. Oleh karena itu, dapat dikatakan bahwa NI, sebagai variabel perantara, memediasi hubungan antara CAR dan ROA lebih efektif daripada hubungan antara NPF dan FDR dengan ROA.

Keywords

Islamic Banking;CAR;FDR;NPF;NI;Profitability;Path Analysis



Full Text: PDF



References


ALNAJJAR, A., & Othman, A. H. A. (2021). The Impact of Capital Adequacy Ratio (CAR) on Islamic Banks’ Performance in Selected MENA Countries. International Journal of Business Ethics and Governance, 116–133. https://doi.org/10.51325/ijbeg.v4i2.70

Amendy, D. (2020). Determinasi Faktor-Faktor Kinerja Keuangan Terhadap ROA Dan Implikasinya Pada NOM Bank Umum Syariah Yang Terdaftar Di Otoritas Jasa Keuangan. Jurnal Riset Akuntansi Dan Auditing E, 7(2), 69–86. https://share.google/n4kGUEGnt1gqbTT1E

Anugra, T. S., Fathihani, & Saputri, I. P. (2025). Determinants of Profitability in Indonesian Islamic Banks. Indonesian Journal of Innovation Multidisipliner Research, 3(1), 21–32. https://doi.org/10.69693/ijim.v3i1.273

Arif, B., Priono, P. N., Suardy, W., & Azhar, Z. (2024). The Impact of Third Party Funds, Loan To Deposit Ratio And Capital Adequacy Ratio On Return On Assets. Jurnal Ilmiah Manajemen Kesatuan, 12(4), 1137–1146. https://doi.org/10.37641/jimkes.v12i4.2432

Ariyanti, N. P. W., Sukadana, I. W., & Suarjana, I. W. (2022). Pengaruh Capital Adequacy Ratio(Car), Non Performing Loan(Npl), Dan Loan To Deposit Ratio(Ldr) Terhadap Return on Asset(Roa) Pada Bank Umum Yang Terdaftar Di Bursa Efek Indonesia Tahun 2017-2019. Jurnal EMAS, 3(1), 229–239. https://share.google/T9pXPiEaSS4Biov9i

Atthaariq, M. I., & Adityawarman. (2022). Analisis Pengaruh Fdr, Pembiayaan Murabahah, Dan Npf Thd Roa. Diponegoro Journal of Accounting, 12(1), 1–9. http://ejournal-s1.unndip.ac.id/index.php/accounting

Baihaqi, M., & Asih, V. S. (2025). Pengaruh Rasio Likuiditas dan Solvabilitas terhadap ROA pada Perbankan Syariah yang Terdaftar di ISSI. Jurnal Maps (Manajemen Perbankan Syariah), 8(2), 136–143. https://doi.org/10.32627/maps.v8i2.1300

Charisma, D., Bramasto, A., & A S, E. N. (2022). Analysis of the Effect of Capital Adequacy Ratio and Non-Performing Loans on Return on Assets in 4 State-Owned Banks Listed on the IDX for the 2017-2021 Period. Almana : Jurnal Manajemen Dan Bisnis, 6(3), 512–520. https://doi.org/10.36555/almana.v6i3.1953

Duryadi, M. (2024). Model Analisis Jalur (Path Analysis): Penelitian Teologi Terapan Kausalitas Kuantitatif. Jurnal Teologi Injili Dan Pendidikan Agama, 2(4), 225–243. https://doi.org/10.55606/jutipa.v2i4.378

Effendi, M. S., Firdaus, V., Rahayu, M., Emarawati, J. A., Nastiti, N., & Marhalinda, M. (2024). Internal and External Factors on Profitability of Islamic Banks in Indonesia Mediated by Operating Expenses Operating Income (Period 2013 to 2023). Proceeding of the International Conference on Multidisciplinary Research for Sustainable Innovation, 1(1), 466–475. https://doi.org/10.31098/icmrsi.v1i.833

Fathihani, Saputri, I. P., & Randyantini, V. (2025). Capital Adequacy, Credit Risk, and Efficiency in Islamic Bank Profitability. Involvement International Journal of Business, 2(2), 120–130. https://doi.org/10.62569/iijb.v2i2.116

Hasibuan, A. A., Zulpahmi, Z., Wahyudin, N., & Nurlaila, A. (2022). The Effect Of Financing To Deposit Ratio (FDR), Non-Performing Financing (NPF), Capital Adequacy Ratio (CAR), Operating Expenses And Operating Income (BOPO) On ROA In Islamic Commercial Ban. AL-FALAH : Journal of Islamic Economics, 7(2), 289. https://doi.org/10.29240/alfalah.v7i2.5395

Hermawati, A., & Purbayati, R. (2022). Pengaruh Car Dan Ldr Terhadap Roa: Studi Kasus Pada Pt Bank Rakyat Indonesia (Persero), Tbk. Sigma-Mu, 14(2), 33–42. https://doi.org/10.35313/sigmamu.v14i2.4884

Hodi, & Wardana, G. kusuma. (2023). View of PENGARUH DPK, PEMBIAYAAN MUDHARABAH, NPF TERHADAP ROA BANK UMUM SYARIAH DI INDONESIA.pdf. I-Economic: A Reesearch Journal on Islamic Economis, 9(2), 164–181. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.19109/ieconomics.v9i2.19720

Irnawati, A. I., Waluyo, B., & Ichsan, T. (2020). Pengaruh Capital Adequacy Ratio, Financing to Deposit Ratio, dan Kurs terhadap Return On Asset. SERAMBI: Jurnal Ekonomi Manajemen Dan Bisnis Islam, 2(3), 187–194. https://doi.org/10.36407/serambi.v2i3.241

Jha, A. K., & Agrawal, A. (2022). An Impact Of Capital Adequacy Ratio On The Profitability Of Commercial Banks In India. Migration Letters, 19, 80–89. www.migrationletters.com

Juniarmita, A. S., Tandibua, J. T., & M, F. K. (2022). THE EFFECT OF CAPITAL ADEQUACY RATIO AND LOAN TO DEPOSIT RATIO ON RETURN ON ASSETS AT PT. BANK MEGA, TBK. Jurnal Ekonomi Ichsan Sidenreng Rappang, 1(1), 2022. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.61912/jeinsa.v1i01.5

Kharazi, M. (2021). PENGARUH FDR DAN NPF TERHADAP PROFITABILITAS (ROA) BANK SYARIAH YANG TERDAFTAR DI BURSA EFEK INDONESIA (PERIODE 2018-2022). Syariah: Journal of Islamic Law, 4(2), 167–186. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.55721/sjxqhj55

Kusuma, P. S. A. J., & Dharma, I. G. R. P. (2025). Pengaruh Capital Adequacy Ratio, Non Performing Loan, Biaya Operasional Pendapatan Operasional Dan Loan To Deposit Ratio Pada Profitabilitas Bank (Roa). Jurnal Ilmiah Manajemen, Ekonomi, & Akuntansi (MEA), 9(1), 231–250. https://doi.org/10.31955/mea.v9i1.4584

Masalingi, A., Sopingi, I., Musfiroh, A., & K, K. C. Y. (2025). Pengaruh non-performing financing dan financing to deposit ratio terhadap return on asset pada perbankan syariah indonesia 2020-2024. Diponegoro Journal of Islamic Economics and Business, 5(1), 20–32.

Mishkin, F. S. (2021). The Economics of Money, Banking and Financial Markets, Global Edition 13th Edition. Pearson.

Neef, H. Ö. D., Schandlbauer, A., & Wittig, C. (2020). Since January 2020 Elsevier has created a COVID-19 resource centre with free information in English and Mandarin on the novel coronavirus COVID- 19 . The COVID-19 resource centre is hosted on Elsevier Connect , the company ’ s public news and information. Journal of Banking and Finance, January.

Nguyen, H. (2023). Credit Risk and Financial Performance of Commercial Banks: Evidence from Vietnam. http://arxiv.org/abs/2304.08217

Noor, G. M. F., & Suhendra, E. S. (2024). The Effect of Capital Adequacy Ratio (CAR), Loan to Deposit Ratio (LDR) and Non-Performing Loan (NPL) Against Return on Asset (ROA) With Net Interest Margin (NIM) as an Intervening Variable in BUMN Bank Listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange 2018-2022. Journal of Economics, Finance and Management Studies, 07(06), 3613–3619. https://doi.org/10.47191/jefms/v7-i6-52

Nuriatullah. (2022). 112-123+Analisis+Faktor-Faktor+Yang+Mempengaruhi+Profitabiltas++Bank+Umum+Syariah+di+Indonesia (1). JEKSYAH : Islamic Economics Journal, 2(2), 112–123. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.54045/jeksyah.v2i02.128

Permana, M. I. (2023). The Influence of FDR , CAR , and NPF on the Profitability of Islamic Commercial Banks for The 2018-2022 Period. Journal of Islamic Economic and Business Studies (JIEBS), 1(1), 34.49. https://businessandfinanceanalyst.com/index.php/JIEBS/article/view/37/23

Purbadasuha, H. R. P., & Prasetiono. (2024). PENGARUH CAR, BOPO, DAN NPL TERHADAP RETURN ON ASSETSS DENGAN NET INTEREST MARGIN SEBAGAI VARIABEL MEDIASI (Studi pada Bank Umum Konvensional di Indonesia yang Terdaftar di BEI Periode 2019-2023). Diponegoro Journal Of Mangement, 13(5), 1–15. https://ejournal3.undip.ac.id/index.php/djom/article/view/47886

Purwanti, D. (2022). Pengaruh Non Performing Financing (Npf), Efisiensi Operasional, Financing To Deposit Ratio (Fdr), Dan Capital Adequacy Ratio (Car) Terhadap Profitabilitas. Value Added : Majalah Ekonomi Dan Bisnis, 18(1), 16. https://doi.org/10.26714/vameb.v18i1.9628

Qodari, A. (2022). Pengaruh Non Performing Financing (NPF) Terhadap Return On Assets (ROA) Pada Bank Syariah Indonesia. Journal of Economic, Bussines and Accounting (COSTING), 6(1), 530–539. https://doi.org/10.31539/costing.v6i1.4350

Rahmansyah, A. I., Balqis, N. S., Rahajeng, Y., Elmas, M. S. H., & Masluha, S. (2022). The Effect of Non Perfoming Financing and Financing to Deposit Ratio On Return On Assets. Assets : Jurnal Ilmiah Ilmu Akuntansi, Keuangan Dan Pajak, 6(2), 100–107. https://doi.org/10.30741/assets.v6i2.849

Salsabila, S., Ruhadi, R., Laksana, B., & Ruhana, N. (2023). Analisis Pengaruh NPF, FDR, CAR, dan GCG terhadap Profitabilitas Bank Umum Syariah. Journal of Applied Islamic Economics and Finance, 3(2), 337–346. https://doi.org/10.35313/jaief.v3i2.3764

Setiadi, A., Meldona, & Wahyuni, N. (2024). Setiadi The Effect Of Mudarabah And Musyarakah Financing On Profitability Through Non-Performing Finance (NPF) As An Intervening Variable In Sharia Commercial Banks. Journal of Economic, Bussines and Accounting (COSTING), 7(2), 3927–3932. https://doi.org/10.31539/costing.v7i3.8725

Sunaryo, D. (2020a). The Effect Of Capital Adequacy Ratio (CAR), Net Interest Margin (NIM), Non-Performing Loan (NPL), and Loan To Deposit Ratio (LDR) Against Return On Asset (ROA) In General Banks In Southeast Asia 2012-2018. Ilomata International Journal of Management, 1(4), 149–158. https://doi.org/10.52728/ijjm.v1i4.110

Sunaryo, D. (2020b). The Effect Of Capital Adequacy Ratio On Return On Assets With Problem Credit Ratio Moderation. Ilomata International Journal of Tax and Accounting, 1(3), 145–151. https://doi.org/10.52728/ijtc.v1i3.99

Syafaat, F., & Timuriana, T. (2025). Financial Performance Analysis of Islamic Bank Using FDR, ROA, ROE, and NPF Ratios. Jurnal Ilmu Perbankan Dan Keuangan Syariah, 7(1), 18–34.

Syaidi, Achmad, & Putra, W. (2024). Analysis of Capital Adequacy Ratio, Operating Expenses Operating Income, Non-Performing Financing, Financing to Deposit Ratio, and Net Operating Margin Return on Assets at Sharia Commercial Banks. East African Scholars Journal of Economics, Business and Management, 7(06), 256–264. https://doi.org/10.36349/easjebm.2024.v07i06.006

Van Greuning, H., & Brajovic-Bratanovic, S. (1999). Analyzing banking risk. In Analyzing banking risk. https://doi.org/10.1596/0-8213-4417-x

Wahyudi, T., & Sari Pohan, E. (2024). Determinants of Profitability in Indonesian Islamic Banks: A Study on Financing to Deposit Ratio. Perbanas Journal of Islamic Economics and Business, 4(2), 177. https://doi.org/10.56174/pjieb.v4i2.254

Wahyudi, T., Utami, F., & Sabrina, N. (2024). Profitability Determinants of Indonesian Islamic Banks: Financing To Deposit Ratio and Governance. FINANSIA : Jurnal Akuntansi Dan Perbankan Syariah, 7(2), 135–150. https://doi.org/10.32332/finansia.v7i2.9516

Waruwu, M., Pu`at, S. N., Utami, P. R., Yanti, E., & Rusydiana, M. (2025). Metode Penelitian Kuantitatif: Konsep, Jenis, Tahapan dan Kelebihan. Jurnal Ilmiah Profesi Pendidikan, 10(1), 917–932. https://doi.org/10.29303/jipp.v10i1.3057

Wicaksono, M. F. S., & Suselo, D. (2022). Pengaruh CAR, NPL, FDR Terhadap Profitabilitas Pada PT. Bank Muamalat Indonesia, Tbk Periode 2014-2021. Jurnal Ekonomi, Manajemen, Bisnis Dan Sosial (EMBISS), 2(4), 1–10. https://embiss.com/index.php/embiss/article/view/147%0Ahttps://embiss.com/index.php/embiss/article/download/147/106

Wijaya, M. F., Simanjuntak, T. F. B., Siagian, A. P., Purba, A. A., Lumbangaol, R. Y., Hutapea, T. P. U., & Siregar, I. A. (2023). Analisis Pengaruh Faktor Internal Terhadap Profitabilitas Bank Syariah Indonesia (BSI) Periode 2013-2022. Al Itmamiy Jurnal Hukum Ekonomi Syariah (Muamalah), 5(1), 65–75. https://doi.org/10.55606/ai.v5i1.316

Wiranthie, I. K. (2020). Analisis Pengaruh Capital Adequancy Ratio (CAR), Loan To Deposit Ratio (LDR) dan Non Performing Loan (NPL) terhadap Return On Asset (ROA). Jurnal Ekonomi, Manajemen Dan Perbankan, 6, 13. https://share.google/7okoDqwATadQTuO6R

Witanty, R., & Sukoco, A. (2025). Management Finance The Effect of Capital Adequacy Ratio (CAR), Operating Income Operating Costs (BOPO), and Non-Performing Financing (NPF) on Return On Asset (ROA) at Indonesia-Malaysia Sharia Commercial Banks in 2019-2023. International Journal Of Management Finance, 2(4), 28–39. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.62017/finance.v2i4.74

Yuliana, I. R., & Listari, S. (2021). Pengaruh CAR, FDR, Dan BOPO Terhadap ROA Pada Bank Syariah Di Indonesia. Jurnal Ilmiah Akuntansi Kesatuan, 9(2), 309–334. https://doi.org/10.37641/jiakes.v9i2.870

Zainuri, & Bawono, S. (2022). The Impact of Non-Performing Loans and Economic Shock on The Stability of Islamic Banking Performance as Moderating Variable in The COVID-19 Pandemic Era. Media Bisnis, 14(1), 1–8. https://doi.org/10.34208/mb.v14i1.1115

Zikri, S. A., Tamara, D. A. D., Mai, M. U., & Nurdin, A. A. (2023). Analisis Pengaruh CAR, NPF, BOPO, dan FDR terhadap ROA (Studi Kasus PT. Bank Muamalat Indonesia Tbk.). Journal of Applied Islamic Economics and Finance, 3(2), 286–301. https://doi.org/10.35313/jaief.v3i2.3756


Dimensions, PlumX, and Google Scholar Metrics

10.33650/profit.v10i1.13811


Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.


Copyright (c) 2026 Rizka Mauliddiana, Aufar Fadlul Hady, Clarashinta Canggih

 



Creative Commons License

 

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.

Profit : Jurnal Kajian Ekonomi dan Perbankan Syariah
Published by Islamic Faculty of Nurul Jadid University, Probolinggo, East Java, Indonesia.