ISLAMIC LEGAL REASONING IN DISPUTE RESOLUTION AND SHARIA FINANCIAL RISK MANAGEMENT OF DSN-MUI FATWAS

DOI: https://doi.org/10.33650/jhi.v10i1.14447
Authors

(1) * Bustanul Arifin   (Sekolah Tinggi Agama Islam At-Tahdzib Ngoro Jombang)  
        Indonesia
(2)  M. Muslih   (Universitas Ma’arif Lampung)  
        Indonesia
(3)  Rimanto Rimanto   (Universitas Muhammadiyah Pringsewu Lampung)  
        Indonesia
(4)  Eti Karini   (Universitas Islam Negeri Raden Intan Lampung)  
        Indonesia
(5)  Syeh Sarip Hadaiyatullah   (Universitas Islam Negeri Raden Intan Lampung)
(*) Corresponding Author

Abstract


This study examines the institutional legal reasoning of the Indonesian National Sharia Council (DSN-MUI) in developing the normative framework for dispute resolution and risk management in Sharia finance. Through a qualitative corpus analysis of fatwas on taʿwīḍ (compensation for loss), debt restructuring, and debt transfer, the research argues that these fatwas do not function as isolated case-by-case rulings. Instead, they form a coherent body of evolving institutional reasoning that shifts Islamic financial law from a rigid, contract-validity-focused paradigm toward a dynamic risk governance paradigm. The findings reveal that DSN-MUI consistently distinguishes between involuntary and willful default, designs restorative rather than punitive compensatory mechanisms, and systematically integrates principles of maqāṣid al-sharīʿah and maṣlaḥah with modern financial governance needs. The analysis further contrasts DSN-MUI's contextualized legal reasoning with the standardized approach of AAOIFI, highlighting how DSN-MUI adapts Islamic legal principles to Indonesia's socio-economic and regulatory context. The study concludes that DSN-MUI fatwas collectively construct a distinct model of Fiqh al-Mukhāṭarah wa al-Nizāʿ (Fiqh of Risk and Dispute Resolution), positioning Islamic law as an integral instrument for systemic risk management, contractual sustainability, and equitable dispute resolution within a modern financial ecosystem.



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