RESTRICTIONS ON DIVORCE PROCEDURES IN SEMA NO. 3 OF 2023: BETWEEN LEGAL CERTAINTY AND THE IMPLEMENTATION OF MAQASID SHARIA IN INDONESIA

DOI: https://doi.org/10.33650/jhi.v9i1.14646
Authors

(1) * Dardena Betarania Faroby   (Universitas Islam Indonesia Yogyakarta)  
        Indonesia
(*) Corresponding Author

Abstract


This article analyses the restrictions on divorce procedures in Supreme Court Circular Letter (SEMA) Number 3 of 2023 from the perspective of legal certainty and maqasid al-syari’ah particularly those that occurred at the Pengadilan Agama Barru. This policy requires proof of continuous disputes and quarrels accompanied by a minimum separation period of six months as a prerequisite for the granting of a divorce. This study uses a normative legal research method with a legislative, conceptual, and case approach, and is analysed qualitatively through the theory of legal certainty and the framework of maqasid al-syari’ah. The findings show that the six-month restriction serves as an objective parameter that reinforces the principle of making divorce difficult and increases the consistency of evidence in religious court practice. However, its implementation is not mechanistic, as judges still exercise discretion in assessing concrete facts, including exceptions for cases of domestic violence. From a maqasid perspective, this policy is in line with the objectives of preserving offspring and family stability (hifz al-nasl), as long as its application does not neglect the protection of life (hifz al-nafs). This study contributes empirically by showing that administrative judicial policies have a real impact on adjudicative practice while opening up a dialectic between legal certainty and public interest in Islamic family law in Indonesia.



Full Text: PDF



References


Al, G. (n.d.). Al-Mustasyfa Min Ilm al-Ushul. Beirut: Dar Al-Kutub, Tt.

Ali, A. (2009). Menguak teori hukum (legal theory) dan teori peradilan (judicialprudence). In Kencana.

al-Nadwi, ‘Ali Ahmad. (1998). al-Qawa’id al-Fiqhiyyah. Dar al-Qalam.

Al-Shāṭibī, A. I. (2003). Al-Muwāfaqāt fī uṣūl al-sharīʿah. Dār al-Kutub al-ʿIlmiyyah.

Andi Nur Fikriana Aulia Raden, & A.Ummu Fauziyyah Syafruddin. (2025). Relasi Kuasa dan Ketimpangan Gender dalam Pembagian Harta Gono-Gini: Kajian Sosio-Legal Atas Putusan Perceraian Di Indonesia. Risalah Hukum, 21(1), 51–61. https://doi.org/10.30872/risalah.V21.i1.1817

Anwar, Z. (2025). Islamic Law Analysis of the Practice of I’anah ‘ala al-Ma’shiyah in Shuttle Rental Services. Al-Fiqh: Journal of Contemporary Islamic Law, 1(1), 34–45.

Ardiansyah, M. K. (2020). Pembaruan hukum oleh Mahkamah Agung dalam mengisi kekosongan hukum acara perdata di Indonesia. Jurnal Ilmiah Kebijakan Hukum, 14(2), 361–384.

Aufa, N. (2024). Pembuktian Perkara Cerai Gugat Dengan Alasan Perselisihan Atau Pertengkaran Secara Terus-Menerus (Studi Pengadilan Agama Semarang Kelas 1a). UNIVERSITAS ISLAM SULTAN AGUNG SEMARANG.

Barru, P. A. (2024). Laporan Tahunan. https://pa-barru.go.id/transparansi/laporan-tahunan.html

Cahyadi, I. A. (2018). Kedudukan surat edaran mahkamah agung (SEMA) dalam hukum positif di indonesia. Brawijaya University.

Djamali, R. A. (2002). Hukum Islam: berdasarkan ketentuan kurikulum konsorsium ilmu hukum. Mandar Maju.

Fauzi, A., Haris, Y. S., & Syarqowi, M. (2025). Analisis Kepastian Hukum di Indonesia: Evaluasi Pencatatan Perkawinan Dalam Konteks Hukum Keluarga Islam Kontemporer. Usroh: Jurnal Hukum Keluarga Islam, 9(1), 80–96. https://doi.org/10.19109/sy1b3b84

Hariyanto, R. F. A., & Yulianingsih, W. (2025). Analisis Yuridis Cerai Gugat Karena Kekerasan Dalam Rumah Tangga. Jurnal Hukum Lex Generalis, 6(6), 25–78. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.56370/jhlg.v6i6.1610

Hermansyah, H. (2024). Interpretasi Asas Mempersulit Perceraian Dalam Perspektif Hukum Islam. As-Syar’i: Jurnal Bimbingan & Konseling Keluarga, 6(1), 1110–1121. https://doi.org/10.47467/as.v6i1.6307

Indonesia, M. A. R. (2023). Surat Edaran Mahkamah Agung Nomor 3 Tahun 2023. Mahkamah Agung Republik Indonesia. https://jdih.mahkamahagung.go.id/legal-product/sema-nomor-3-tahun-2023/detail

Khomairoh, U. (2025). E-Commerce Coins in Shopee: The Perspective of Madzahibul Arba’ah on Halalness and Digital Economic Practices. Al-Fiqh: Journal of Contemporary Islamic Law, 1(1), 11-19.

Mahmud Marzuki, P. (2005). Penelitian hukum. Jakarta: Kencana Prenada Media, 55.

Mirwan, M. (2025). Maqāṣid al-Sharīʿah and Family Resilience: Exploring the Concept of Wasāʾil in Jamaluddin ʿAṭhiyyah’s Thought. Journal of Islamic Thought and Philosophy, 4(1), 78–105. https://doi.org/10.15642/jitp.2025.4.1.78-105

Murti, A., & Syah, T. A. (2021). Menelaah Pemikiran Jasser Auda dalam Memahami Maqasid Syariah. Citizen: Jurnal Ilmiah Multidisiplin Indonesia, 1(2), 60–67.

Panggabean, H. P. (2005). Fungsi Mahkamah Agung bersifat pengaturan (rule making power) tahun 1966-2003. Liberty.

Perempuan, R. P. H. T. (n.d.). Korban Kekerasan Dalam Rumah Tangga Berbasis Nilai-Nilai Keadilan. nd.

Rehan, A. (2025). The Existence of Cryptocurrency from the Perspective of Islamic Fiqh: A Legal Analysis of the Buying and Selling of Digital Assets. Al-Fiqh: Journal of Contemporary Islamic Law, 1(1), 1–10. https://serambi.org/index.php/fiqh/article/view/802

Rohim, M. (2019). Qawa’id Fiqhiyyah (Inspirasi dan Dasar Penetapan Hukum ). LPPM Unhasy Tebu Ireng Jombang.

Santoso. (2016). Hakekat Perkawinan Menurut Undang-Undang Perkawinan, Hukum Islam dan Hukum Adat. Jurnal YUDISIA, 7(2), 412.

Saputra, E. (2025). Mendesain Ulang Keadilan: Reformasi Hukum Perceraian Dalam Sistem Peradilan Agama. Star Digital Publishing.

Satory, A., & Sibuea, H. P. (2020). Problematika Kedudukan Dan Pengujian Peraturan Mahkamah Agung Secara Materiil Sebagai Peraturan Perundang-Undangan. PALAR (Pakuan Law Review), 6(1), 1–27.

Setiawan, D., Muhadar, & Heryani, W. (2018). Pembuktian Tindak Pidana Psikis dalam Kasus Kekerasan dalam Rumah Tangga. Paguruyuan Law Jurnal, 2(1), 25–46. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.31869/plj.v2i1.886

Sintha, J. M., & Pertiwi, Y. W. (2025). Kekerasan Verbal Terhadap Istri Di Dalam Rumah Tangga. Jurnal Kajian Ilmiah, 25(1), 51–60. https://doi.org/10.31599/qy5w4n27

Soekanto, S., & Mamudji, S. (2006). Penelitian Hukum Normatif : Suatu Tinjauan Singkat. Rajawali Pers.

Suhaili, A. (2025). Integrasi Maqāṣid Al-Syarī‘Ah Dalam Praktik Peradilan Agama Di Indonesia: Studi Alternatif Penyelesaian Sengketa Keluarga. Mabahits : Jurnal Hukum Keluarga Islam, 6(01), 29–42. https://doi.org/10.62097/mabahits.v6i01.2236

Sunarto, Z. (2025). Bridging Tradition and Modernity: Al-Syāṭibī’s Maqāṣid al-Sharī‘ah as a Framework for Contemporary Islamic Jurisprudence. Al-Fiqh: Journal of Contemporary Islamic Law, 1(1), 40–48. https://serambi.org/index.php/fiqh/article/view/803

Sundayani, N. S. (n.d.). Implementasi Surat Edaran Mahkamah Agung Nomor 3 Tahun 2023 Tentang Cerai Talak Dalam Putusan Nomor 215/Pdt. G/2024 Di Pengadilan Agama Lamongan.

Thorik, A., Sayehu, Sugandi, M. I., & Prasetya, F. (2025). Dinamika Perceraian di Kalangan Keluarga Muslim Indonesia Dalam Perspektif Sosiologi Hukum Islamo Title. Jurnal Studi Islam, 2(4), 93–108. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.33752/mjsi.v2i04.11154

Wartono, N., & Rahman Alwi. (2025). Qawa’id Maqashidiyyah dalam Politik Hukum Islam: Menimbang Legislasi Syariah dalam Negara Demokratis. Journal of Family and Sharia, 1(2), 103–113. https://doi.org/10.64845/jfs.v1i2.122

Yulis, R. (2025). Early Marriage from the Perspective of Jurisprudence and Adolescent Psychology. Al-Fiqh: Journal of Contemporary Islamic Law, 1(1), 31–39. https://serambi.org/index.php/fiqh/article/view/804


Dimensions, PlumX, and Google Scholar Metrics

10.33650/jhi.v9i1.14646


Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.


Copyright (c) 2026 Dardena Betarania Faroby

Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.

Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.

Hakam: Jurnal Hukum Islam dan Hukum Ekonomi Islam
Published by Lembaga Penerbitan, Penelitian, dan Pengabdian kepada Masyarakat (LP3M) Universitas Nurul Jadid Paiton Probolinggo, Indonesia.