Alfiani, D. A., Nugraha, F. M., Mudiyanto, H., & Setiawan, D. (2023). The effects of online games on the students’ motivation and its implications in learning. Al Ibtida: Jurnal Pendidikan Guru MI, 10(1), 153–162. https://doi.org/10.24235/al.ibtida.snj.v10i1.11735
Amalia, N. P. (2022). Hubungan intensitas bermain game online dengan motivasi belajar peserta didik kelas V SD Muhammadiyah 12 Setiabudi Pamulang [Thesis, Universitas Islam Negeri Syarif Hidayatullah].
Buysse, D. J., Reynolds, C. F., Monk, T. H., Berman, S. R., & Kupfer, D. J. (1989). The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index: A new instrument for psychiatric practice and research. Psychiatry Research, 28(2), 193–213. https://doi.org/10.1016/0165-1781(89)90047-4
Campillo-Ferrer, J.-M., Miralles-Martínez, P., & Sánchez-Ibáñez, R. (2020). Gamification in higher education: Impact on student motivation and the acquisition of social and civic key competencies. Sustainability, 12(12), 4822. https://doi.org/10.3390/su12124822
Chaplin, J. P. (2014). Kamus lengkap psikologi (K. Kartini, Ed.). PT Raja Grafindo Persada.
Deci, E. L., & Ryan, R. M. (1985). Conceptualizations of Intrinsic Motivation and Self-Determination. In Intrinsic Motivation and Self-Determination in Human Behavior (pp. 11–40). Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4899-2271-7_2
Duterte, J. P. (2024). The Impact of Educational Gamification on Student Learning Outcomes. International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science, VIII(X), 477–487. https://doi.org/10.47772/ijriss.2024.8100040
Fenny, & Supriatmo. (2016). Hubungan kualitas dan kuantitas tidur dengan penyakit kardiovaskular. Jurnal Pendidikan Kedokteran Indonesia, 5(3), 140–147.
Fitriyah Amaliyah. (2024). Literature Review: Gamification-Based Wordwall Application As an Evaluation of Elementary School Mathematics Learning. Inventa, 8(2). https://doi.org/10.36456/inventa.8.2.a9595
Fresdina, M., & Kuntari, S. (2023). Dampak penggunaan game online terhadap hasil belajar mahasiswa Pendidikan Sosiologi angkatan 2020. Edusociata: Jurnal Pendidikan Sosiologi, 6, 305–312.
Gagné, M., & Deci, E. L. (2005). Self-determination theory and work motivation. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 26(4), 331–362. https://doi.org/10.1002/job.322
Ghozali, I. (2018). Aplikasi analisis multivariate dengan program IBM SPSS 25 (9th ed.). Badan Penerbit Universitas Diponegoro.
Guyton, A. C., & Hall, J. E. (2006). Textbook of medical physiology (11th ed.). Elsevier Saunders.
Husniah, Dewi, E. M. P., & Halima, A. (2025). Intensitas bermain game online terhadap motivasi belajar komunitas PUBG Mobile di Sulawesi Barat. Jurnal Penelitian Pendidikan, Psikologi, dan Kesehatan (J-P3K), 6(1), 189–196. https://doi.org/10.51849/j-p3k.v6i1.657
Khaldi, A., Bouzidi, R., & Nader, F. (2023). Gamification of e-learning in higher education: A systematic literature review. Smart Learning Environments, 10, 10. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40561-023-00227-z
Li, L., Hew, K. F., & Du, J. (2024). Gamification enhances student intrinsic motivation, perceptions of autonomy and relatedness, but minimal impact on competency: a meta-analysis and systematic review. Educational Technology Research and Development, 72, 765–796. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11423-023-10337-7
Maisa, E. A., Andrial, A., Murni, D., & Sidaria, S. (2021). Hubungan stres akademik dengan kualitas tidur mahasiswa keperawatan tingkat akhir program alih jenjang. Jurnal Ilmiah Universitas Batanghari Jambi, 21(1), 438–443. https://doi.org/10.33087/jiubj.v21i1.1345
Mei, S., Zheng, C., Liang, L., Kiyum, M., Yuan, T., Fei, J., Liu, K., Li, H., & Lin, X. (2025). The developmental trajectories and modifiable factors of adolescents’ subjective well-being from late adolescence to early adulthood. Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Mental Health, 19(1), 1–15. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13034-025-00881-w
Mellasanti Ayuwardani, Rara Ririn Budi Utaminingtyas, Rustono, R., Sri Eka Sadriatwati, & Irin Mirrah Luthfia. (2024). Entrepreneurial Students’ Achievement Motivation towards Academic Excellence. International Journal of Education, Vocational and Social Science, 3(02), 30–38. https://doi.org/10.63922/ijevss.v3i02.693
Mtebe, J. S., & Raphael, C. (2013). Students’ experiences and challenges of blended learning. International Journal of Education and Development Using Information and Communication Technology (IJEDICT), 9(3), 124–136. http://ijedict.dec.uwi.edu/viewarticle.php?id=1690
Muali, C., Aisyah, N., & Faizah, N. (2023). Student Motivation and Learning Outcomes Through Online Flipped Classroom Based on Student Self-Regulation in Coastal Areas. PEDAGOGIK: Jurnal Pendidikan, 10(2), 188–202. https://doi.org/10.33650/pjp.v10i2.5735
Mundir, A., Baharun, H., Soniya, S., & Hamimah, S. (2022). Childhood Behavior Management Strategy based on Fun Learning Environment. Jurnal Obsesi : Jurnal Pendidikan Anak Usia Dini, 6(4), 2583–2595. https://doi.org/10.31004/obsesi.v6i4.2063
Mundiri, A., & Sholehah, C. (2020). Childhood Mood Disorders During Pandemic; Learning Management Based on Self Discipline. MANAGERE : Indonesian Journal of Educational Management, 2(3), 331–344. https://doi.org/10.52627/ijeam.v2i3.65
Putra, F. F., Rozak, A., Perdana, G. V., & Maesharoh, I. (2019). Dampak game online terhadap perubahan perilaku sosial mahasiswa Telkom University. Jurnal Politikom Indonesiana, 4(2), 98–103. https://doi.org/10.35706/jpi.v4i2.3236
Rackley, E. D. (2021). “Blessings and Friends and Knowledge”: Environmental Motivations for Religious Literacy. Religious Education, 116(2), 101–115. https://doi.org/10.1080/00344087.2020.1821303
Ratinho, E., Figueiredo, M., Estêvão, D., & Faísca, L. (2026). Gamification on mathematics engagement and motivation in secondary school and higher education: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Educational Psychology Review, 38, 16. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10648-025-10108-1
Ratinho, E., & Martins, C. (2023). The role of gamified learning strategies in student’s motivation in high school and higher education: A systematic review. Heliyon, 9(8), e19033. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e19033
Rozi, F., & Kamalia, S. (2023). Creating Positive Learning Environment Through Work-Life Balance Based Human Resource Development. PEDAGOGIK: Jurnal Pendidikan, 10(1), 32–45. https://doi.org/10.33650/pjp.v10i1.5575
Ryan, R. M., & Deci, E. L. (2000). Self-determination theory and the facilitation of intrinsic motivation, social development, and well-being. American Psychologist, 55(1), 68–78. https://doi.org/10.1037/0003-066X.55.1.68
Ryan, R. M., & Deci, E. L. (2020). Intrinsic and extrinsic motivation from a self-determination theory perspective: Definitions, theory, practices, and future directions. Contemporary Educational Psychology, 61, 101860. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cedpsych.2020.101860
Sandya, S. N., & Ramadhani, A. (2021). Pengaruh intensitas bermain game online terhadap prokrastinasi akademik mahasiswa. Psikoborneo: Jurnal Ilmiah Psikologi, 9(1), 202–213. https://doi.org/10.30872/psikoborneo
Sugiarti, T., Suryani, & Sudyasih, T. (2025). Hubungan kualitas tidur dengan motivasi belajar mahasiswa keperawatan Universitas ’Aisyiyah Yogyakarta. Jurnal Ilmu Psikologi dan Kesehatan, 1(4), 317–323. https://jurnal.kopusindo.com/index.php/jipk/index
Sukamto, I. S., Jayanthi, S., & Nursamsu. (2024). Hubungan antara kualitas tidur dengan konsentrasi belajar pada mahasiswa pendidikan biologi. Mukadimah: Jurnal Pendidikan, Sejarah, dan Ilmu-ilmu Sosial, 8(2), 399–406. https://doi.org/10.30743/mkd.v8i2.9152
Sun, L., Kangas, M., & Ruokamo, H. (2024). Game-based features in intelligent game-based learning environments: a systematic literature review. Interactive Learning Environments, 32(7), 3431–3447. https://doi.org/10.1080/10494820.2023.2179638
Sutarti, T., Wati, D. R., Abdul, M., & Anwar, M. (2018). Relationship of sleep quality with student learning motivation in Nursing Academy 17 of Karanganyar. Indian Journal of Public Health Research & Development, 9(12), 1685–1689.
Umar, U. (2023). Deepening Convictions; Leading for Religious Literacy Based on Pesantren. PEDAGOGIK: Jurnal Pendidikan, 10(2), 151–167. https://doi.org/10.33650/pjp.v10i2.7012
Uno, H. B. (2018). Teori motivasi & pengukurannya. Bumi Aksara.
Zou, H., Yao, J., Zhang, Y., & Huang, X. (2024a). The influence of teachers’ intrinsic motivation on students’ intrinsic motivation: The mediating role of teachers’ motivating style and teacher-student relationships. Psychology in the Schools, 61(1), 272–286. https://doi.org/10.1002/PITS.23050
Zou, H., Yao, J., Zhang, Y., & Huang, X. (2024b). The influence of teachers’ intrinsic motivation on students’ intrinsic motivation: The mediating role of teachers’ motivating style and teacher-student relationships. Psychology in the Schools, 61(1), 272–286. https://doi.org/10.1002/PITS.23050