Building Sustainable Competitive Advantage through the Green School Program: A Resource-Based View Case Study of Educotourism School Management

DOI: https://doi.org/10.33650/jumpa.v6i2.16029
Authors

(1) * Imam Basofi   (Universitas Islam Negeri Maulana Malik Ibrahim)  
        Indonesia
(2)  Munirul Abidin   (Universitas Islam Negeri Maulana Malik Ibrahim)  
        Indonesia
(3)  Samsul Susilawati   (Universitas Islam Negeri Maulana Malik Ibrahim)  
        Indonesia
(*) Corresponding Author

Abstract


Schools increasingly compete for enrollment, reputation, and public trust, yet whether an environmental program can function as a strategic resource for building competitive advantage remains underexamined in the madrasah context. This study analyzes how the Green School program at MTs Negeri 3 Pamekasan, developed through the Educotourism School concept, builds sustainable competitive advantage across three foci: the underlying concept, the implementation strategy, and the contribution to institutional standing. A qualitative single case study design was employed, drawing on purposive sampling across four informant categories, in-depth interviews, participant observation, and documentary review, analyzed through thematic analysis with source and technique triangulation. Findings show the program integrates education, ecology, and tourism into one coherent system, implemented through six connected components spanning policy, curriculum, and community partnership, and contributing to institutional reputation, academic achievement, and local economic empowerment. Read through the resource-based view, the program satisfies the VRIN criteria through resources embedded in a specific geography and decades of village trust that competitors cannot relocate or purchase. The study carries direct implications for educational management: school leaders seeking durable competitive advantage should treat environmental programs as strategic investments rather than compliance exercises, and should deliberately cultivate relational resources with surrounding communities alongside internal policy and curriculum development.

Keywords

Sustainable Competitive Advantage, Green School Management, Resource-Based View Education



Full Text: PDF



References


Barney, J. (1991). Firm Resources and Sustained Competitive Advantage. Journal of Management, 17(1), 99–120. https://doi.org/10.1177/014920639101700108

Bowen, G. A. (2009). Document Analysis as a Qualitative Research Method. Qualitative Research Journal, 9(2), 27–40. https://doi.org/10.3316/QRJ0902027

Braun, V., & Clarke, V. (2006). Using Thematic Analysis in Psychology. Qualitative Research in Psychology, 3(2), 77–101. https://doi.org/10.1191/1478088706qp063oa

Creswell, J. W., & Poth, C. N. (2018). Qualitative Inquiry and Research Design: Choosing Among Five Approaches (4th ed.). Sage Publications.

Denzin, N. K. (1978). The Research Act: A Theoretical Introduction to Sociological Methods (2nd ed.). McGraw-Hill.

Diaz, R. G., Castillo, D. E., & Cabral, R. (2016). School Competition and Efficiency in Elementary Schools in Mexico. International Journal of Educational Development, 46, 23–34. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijedudev.2015.09.015

Fitriah, B., Rofik, M., Aini, N., & Wati, R. (2024). Strategi Kepala Sekolah-Madrasah dalam Membangun Keunggulan Kompetitif. Edukatif: Jurnal Ilmu Pendidikan, 6(1), 704–722.

Hameed, I., Zaman, U., Waris, I., & Shafique, O. (2021). A Serial-Mediation Model to Link Entrepreneurship Education and Green Entrepreneurial Behavior: Application of Resource-Based View and Flow Theory. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 18(2), 550. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18020550

Lincoln, Y. S., & Guba, E. G. (1985). Naturalistic Inquiry. Sage Publications.

Mailani, D., Hulu, M. Z. T., Simamora, M. R., & Kesuma, S. A. (2024). Resource-Based View Theory to Achieve a Sustainable Competitive Advantage of the Firm: Systematic Literature Review. International Journal of Entrepreneurship and Sustainability Studies, 4(1), 1–15. https://doi.org/10.31098/ijeass.v4i1.2002

Megawati, S., Yusriadi, Y., Syukran, A., Rahaju, T., & Hussen, N. (2022). Adiwiyata Program Innovation Through Penta Helix Approach. Education Research International, 2022, Article 7223314. https://doi.org/10.1155/2022/7223314

Merriam, S. B., & Tisdell, E. J. (2016). Qualitative Research: A Guide to Design and Implementation (4th ed.). Jossey-Bass.

Miles, M. B., Huberman, A. M., & Saldaña, J. (2020). Qualitative Data Analysis: A Methods Sourcebook (4th ed.). Sage Publications.

Nowell, L. S., Norris, J. M., White, D. E., & Moules, N. J. (2017). Thematic Analysis: Striving to Meet the Trustworthiness Criteria. International Journal of Qualitative Methods, 16(1). https://doi.org/10.1177/1609406917733847

Patnaik, S., Munjal, S., Varma, A., & Sinha, S. (2022). Extending the Resource-Based View Through the Lens of the Institution-Based View: A Longitudinal Case Study of an Indian Higher Educational Institution. Journal of Business Research, 147, 124–141. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2022.03.089

Patton, M. Q. (2015). Qualitative Research & Evaluation Methods: Integrating Theory and Practice (4th ed.). Sage Publications.

Peteraf, M. A. (1993). The Cornerstones of Competitive Advantage: A Resource-Based View. Strategic Management Journal, 14(3), 179–191. https://doi.org/10.1002/smj.4250140303

Prasetiyo, W. H., Ishak, N. A., Basit, A., Dewantara, J. A., Hidayat, O. T., Casmana, A. R., & Muhibbin, A. (2020). Caring for the Environment in an Inclusive School: The Adiwiyata Green School Program in Indonesia. Issues in Educational Research, 30(3), 1040–1057.

Prasetyo, M. A. M., Bashori, & Rahmi, A. (2021). The Adiwiyata Islamic Boarding School Management (A Study of Participatory Leadership Style). Al-Ta'lim Journal, 28(2), 104–116. https://doi.org/10.15548/jt.v28i2.666

Pucciarelli, F., & Kaplan, A. M. (2016). Competition and Strategy in Higher Education: Managing Complexity and Uncertainty. Business Horizons, 59(3), 311–320. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bushor.2016.01.003

Rachman, P., Abidin, M., Soleh, M. A. K., & Murfi, A. (2025). Balanced Reputation Management Strategy: A Cross-Site Case Study of Branding Image for Competitive Advantage in Indonesian Islamic Higher Education Institutions. Jurnal Pendidikan Islam, 14(1), 15–34. https://doi.org/10.14421/jpi.2025.141.15-34

Saadah, L., Rusnaini, R., & Muchtarom, M. (2023). The Internalization of School Environmental Care Through Adiwiyata Program. Jurnal Civics: Media Kajian Kewarganegaraan, 20(2), 205–213. https://doi.org/10.21831/jc.v20i2.56549

Sidik, I., Annur, S., & Handayani, T. (2021). Manajemen Program Adiwiyata dalam Meningkatkan Karakter Peduli Lingkungan. Studia Manageria: Jurnal Manajemen Pendidikan Islam, 3(1), 13–34.

van de Wetering, J., Leijten, P., Spitzer, J. E., & Thomaes, S. (2022). Does Environmental Education Benefit Environmental Outcomes in Children and Adolescents? A Meta-Analysis. Journal of Environmental Psychology, 81, Article 101782. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvp.2022.101782

Yin, R. K. (2018). Case Study Research and Applications: Design and Methods (6th ed.). Sage Publications.


Dimensions, PlumX, and Google Scholar Metrics

10.33650/jumpa.v6i2.16029


Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.


Copyright (c) 2025 Imam Basofi, Munirul Abidin, Samsul Susilawati

Published By
Lembaga Penerbitan, Penelitian, dan Pengabdian kepada Masyarakat (LP3M) Universitas Nurul Jadid
Jl. PP. Nurul Jadid, Karanganyar Paiton Probolinggo Jawa Timur 67291, Indonesia

License
Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0

© 2026 Jumpa: Jurnal Manajemen Pendidikan | Universitas Nurul Jadid