Reconstructing Kiai Digital Leadership Based on Pesantren Values for Good Governance in Islamic Boarding Schools

DOI: https://doi.org/10.33650/jumpa.v6i1.17363
Authors

(1) * Moh. Hafidurrahman   (Institut Agama Islam Al-Khairat Pamekasan)  
        Indonesia
(*) Corresponding Author

Abstract


Digital transformation has reached pesantren, yet little is known about how kiai lead it while preserving the values behind their authority. This study aimed to reconstruct a model of kiai digital leadership based on pesantren values that supports good governance in pesantren. It used a qualitative multiple-case design in three pesantren in Madura, East Java. Data came from in-depth interviews with 15 participants, participant observation, document analysis, and focus group discussions. They were analyzed within and across cases using the interactive model of data condensation, display, and verification. The findings show that digitalization did not replace the kiai's authority but changed how it was exercised. Kiai kept religious legitimacy and final decisions and delegated technical work to competent staff. Values such as amanah, shūrā, and khidmah gave digital change a religious meaning and set limits on its use. Digital practices improved transparency, accountability, and efficiency, although participation remained largely consultative. The study proposes the Value-Anchored Mediated Authority model, which explains digital leadership in pesantren as a redistribution of the kiai's authority carried by values rather than a replacement of tradition by technology. Theoretically, the model extends digital leadership theory to faith-based institutions, where legitimacy must be built before technology can take hold. Practically, it offers pesantren leaders and policymakers a reference for digital programs that strengthen governance without eroding pesantren identity.

Keywords

Kiai Digital Leadership, Pesantren Values, Good Governance, Religious Authority, Islamic Boarding Schools



Full Text: PDF



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