THE TRANSFORMATION OF TRADITIONAL ISLAMIC BOARDING SCHOOLS INTO INTEGRATED PESANTREN: CURRICULUM, GOVERNANCE, AND TECHNOLOGICAL ADAPTATION

DOI: https://doi.org/10.33650/pjp.v12i1.10408
Authors

(1) * Taqiyuddin Taqiyuddin   (Universitas Islam Negeri Siber Syekh Nurjati Cirebon, West Java)  
        Indonesia
(2)  Iwan Iwan   (Universitas Islam Negeri Siber Syekh Nurjati Cirebon, West Java)  
        Indonesia
(3)  Ade Apandi   (Universitas Islam Al-Ihya Islamic Kuningan, West Java)  
        Indonesia
(*) Corresponding Author

Abstract


Pesantren, as the oldest Islamic educational institutions in Indonesia, face modernization challenges that require systemic transformation while preserving their traditional identity. This study analyzes the transformation of Salafiyah pesantren into integrated pesantren at KHAS Kempek Cirebon, focusing on curriculum integration, institutional governance, and technological adaptation. Using a qualitative case study approach, data were collected through interviews, participant observation, and documentation involving kiai, ustadz, administrators, and santri. The findings show that the transformation is adaptive and integrative. Traditional learning methods such as sorogan, bandongan, and wetonan are maintained while supported by structured management systems, formal education integration, and digital technology utilization. National education standards are also adopted without eliminating Salafiyah values as the pesantren’s primary foundation. The transformation expands the role of pesantren from centers of Islamic learning into adaptive and competitive educational institutions. This study contributes a multidimensional perspective showing that curriculum, governance, and technology function as interconnected elements in sustaining pesantren transformation within contemporary Islamic education.


Keywords

Traditional Pesantren; Integrated; Educational Transformation.



Full Text: PDF



References


Adeoye, M. A., Baharun, H., & Munawwaroh, I. (2025). Transformational Leadership in Education: Harmonising Accountability, Innovation and Global Citizenship. Kharisma: Jurnal Administrasi Dan Manajemen Pendidikan, 4(1), 14–30. https://doi.org/10.59373/kharisma.v4i1.68

Aini, T. N., Nugraha, L., Surbakti, A. H., Mundiri, A., & Sanjani, M. A. F. (2025). Value-based branding in Islamic boarding schools: Efforts to maintain identity in digitalization dynamics. Al-Tanzim: Jurnal Manajemen Pendidikan Islam, 9(2), 442–457.

Al Shloul, T., Mazhar, T., Abbas, Q., Iqbal, M., Ghadi, Y. Y., Shahzad, T., Mallek, F., & Hamam, H. (2024). Role of activity-based learning and ChatGPT on students’ performance in education. Computers and Education: Artificial Intelligence, 6(August 2023), 100219. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.caeai.2024.100219

Alzoubi, Y. I., & Mishra, A. (2024). Green artificial intelligence initiatives: Potentials and challenges. Journal of Cleaner Production, 468(June), 143090. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2024.143090

Archambault, S. G., Ramachandran, S., Acosta, E., & Fu, S. (2024). Ethical dimensions of algorithmic literacy for college students: Case studies and cross-disciplinary connections. Journal of Academic Librarianship, 50(3), 102865. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.acalib.2024.102865

Aziz, A. L., & Sain, S. H. (2025). Sustainable Legal Education: Aligning Curricula with the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development. GAS Journal of Law and Society (GASJLS), Volume-02(Issue-01), 10–19. https://gaspublishers.com/gasjls/

Basori, R., Raharjo, T. J., Prihatin, T., & Yulianto, A. (2023). Maintaining Salafi Values Through Innovative Management Practices At Pesantren. Jurnal Pendidikan Islam, 9(2), 145–156. https://doi.org/10.15575/jpi.v9i2.25376

Birhan, W., Shiferaw, G., Amsalu, A., Tamiru, M., & Tiruye, H. (2021). Exploring the context of teaching character education to children in preprimary and primary schools. Social Sciences and Humanities Open, 4(1), 100171. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ssaho.2021.100171

Blut, M., Wünderlich, N. V., & Brock, C. (2024). Facilitating retail customers’ use of AI-based virtual assistants: A meta-analysis. Journal of Retailing, 100(2), 293–315. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jretai.2024.04.001

Br, R., Mundiri, A., & Nuril, L. (2023). Internalization of Religious Moderation Education Through Culture Literacy With a National Insight. EDURELIGIA: Jurnal Pendidikan Agama Islam, 7(01), 01-12.

Copur-Gencturk, Y., Li, J., Cohen, A. S., & Orrill, C. H. (2024). The impact of an interactive, personalized computer-based teacher professional development program on student performance: A randomized controlled trial. Computers and Education, 210(June 2023), 104963. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compedu.2023.104963

Dai, Y., Liu, A., & Lim, C. P. (2023). Reconceptualizing ChatGPT and generative AI as a student-driven innovation in higher education. Procedia CIRP, 119, 84–90. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.procir.2023.05.002

Darwis, A. N. H., Marhani, Bahtiar, & Efendy, R. (2025). Ethnopedagogy: integrating bugis local wisdom into islamic education to. Edureligia : Jurnal Pendidikan Agama Islam, 09(02), 164–179.

Fahmi, M., Sarilita, E., & Wilar, G. (2023). Building Resilient Communities: Rapid Response to a Crisis through Nusantara Module’s Character Education and Social Contribution Initiative. Sustainability (Switzerland), 15(18). https://doi.org/10.3390/su151813300

Fatimah, S. (2024). Cultural Foundations of Parental Educational Motivation in Indigenous Communities. Journal of Educational Management Research, 3(2), 22-36.

Fatmawati, E., Suharto, B., Amrozi, S. R., Suhma, W. K., Yudiawan, A., Ilyasin, M., & Suhma, F. M. (2024). Change management towards good university governance in Indonesia: study at Islamic religious universities based on BLU mandate. Cogent Social Sciences, 10(1). https://doi.org/10.1080/23311886.2024.2333081

Ferilli, G. B., Palmieri, E., Miani, S., & Stefanelli, V. (2024). The impact of FinTech innovation on digital financial literacy in Europe: Insights from the banking industry. Research in International Business and Finance, 69(October 2023), 102218. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ribaf.2024.102218

Ghufron, G., Khusnurridlo, M., Najiburrahman, N., Baharun, H., & Muchlis, M. N. H. (2023). Islamic Branding: Insights from Strengthening Madrasah Competitiveness in Building Public Trust. Al-Tanzim: Jurnal Manajemen Pendidikan Islam, 7(1), 179–190. https://doi.org/10.33650/al-tanzim.v7i1.3943

Gong, Z., & Guo, Y. (2025). Social media use and academic performance among college students : the chain mediating roles of social anxiety and fear of missing out and the moderating effect of teacher-student relationship. October, 1–11. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2025.1649890

Hameed, K., Naha, R. K., & Hameed, F. (2024). Digital transformation for sustainable health and well-being: a review and future research directions. Discover Sustainability, 5(1). https://doi.org/10.1007/s43621-024-00273-8

Hamidy, A., Azizah, Y. N., & Iswanto, B. (2022). East Kalimantan Madrasah Teachers’ Perception of Religious Moderation. Southeast Asian Journal of Islamic Education, 4(2), 261–271. https://doi.org/10.21093/sajie.v4i2.4935

Hasanah, U. (2024). The Influence of Social Support and Psychological Resilience on Santri’s Behavior. Jurnal Islam Nusantara, 8(1), 1-14.

Hilt, L., & Riese, H. (2022). Hybrid forms of education in Norway: a systems theoretical approach to understanding curriculum change. Journal of Curriculum Studies, 54(2), 223–242. https://doi.org/10.1080/00220272.2021.1956596

Ho, M. T., Mantello, P., & Vuong, Q. H. (2024). Emotional AI in education and toys: Investigating moral risk awareness in the acceptance of AI technologies from a cross-sectional survey of the Japanese population. Heliyon, 10(16), e36251. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e36251

Hsiung, P. C. (2023). Development and application of medical family therapy in Taiwan: Personal actualization. Bulletin of Educational Psychology, 52(3), 665–684. https://doi.org/10.6251/BEP.202103_52(3).0008

Imjai, N., Aujirapongpan, S., & Yaacob, Z. (2024). Impact of logical thinking skills and digital literacy on Thailand’s generation Z accounting students’ internship effectiveness: Role of self-learning capability. International Journal of Educational Research Open, 6(January), 100329. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijedro.2024.100329

Irawan, Priatna, H., Gustini, N., & Mulyani, H. (2023). Facing Global Challenges and a New Post Pandemi Era in Indonesia: Curriculum Changes and Innovations in the Bachelor of Islamic Education Management Program. Revista de Gestao Social e Ambiental, 17(7). https://doi.org/10.24857/rgsa.v17n7-025

Khan, H., Ullah, S., & Sarwar, R. (2025). Faith-Based Organizations , Environmental Conservation and Sustainability : A Systematic Review. Research Mosaic (RM), 5(1), 21–34.

Khoiroh, U., Arifin, M., & Mundiri, A. (2025). Value-Based Branding Strategies of Islamic Boarding Schools In Islamic Higher Education at STIS Darul Falah Bondowoso. Ar-Raudhah: Journal of Islamic Religious Education, 1(2), 65–75.

Khotijah, K., & Mundiri, A. (2020). Personal Branding Kiai Politisi Berbasis Circle-C. Managere: Indonesian Journal of Educational Management, 2(2), 182-195.

Kickbusch, I., Piselli, D., Agrawal, A., Balicer, R., Banner, O., Adelhardt, M., Capobianco, E., Fabian, C., Singh Gill, A., Lupton, D., Medhora, R. P., Ndili, N., Ryś, A., Sambuli, N., Settle, D., Swaminathan, S., Morales, J. V., Wolpert, M., Wyckoff, A. W., … Wong, B. L. H. (2021). The Lancet and Financial Times Commission on governing health futures 2030: growing up in a digital world. The Lancet, 398(10312), 1727–1776. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(21)01824-9

Lehrl, S., Linberg, A., Niklas, F., & Kuger, S. (2021). The Home Learning Environment in the Digital Age—Associations Between Self-Reported “Analog” and “Digital” Home Learning Environment and Children’s Socio-Emotional and Academic Outcomes. Frontiers in Psychology, 12(March), 1–12. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2021.592513

Liu, H., Zhou, R., Yao, P., & Zhang, J. (2023). Assessing Chinese governance low-carbon economic peer effects in local government and under sustainable environmental regulation. Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 30(22), 61304–61323. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-021-17901-9

Liu, Y., Razman, M. R., Syed Zakaria, S. Z., Lee, K. E., Khan, S. U., & Albanyan, A. (2024). Personalized context-aware systems for sustainable agriculture development using ubiquitous devices and adaptive learning. Computers in Human Behavior, 160(February), 108375. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2024.108375

Maimuna, I., Muali, C., Munif, M., & Khaer, A. (2024, January). Forming A Competitive Advantage Tqm Strategy for Improving the Quality of Educational Institutions. In Proceeding of International Conference on Education, Society and Humanity, 2(1), 414-423.

Mardani, M., Nazari, R., & Tabesh, S. (2024). Explaining the Factors Affecting the Development of Iranian Citizenship Sports with Emphasis on the Health of Citizens. Journal of Health System Research, 20(2), 122–136. https://doi.org/10.48305/jhsr.v20i2.1537

Moslimany, R., Otaibi, A., & Shaikh, F. (2024). Designing a holistic curriculum: Challenges and opportunities in islamic education. Journal on Islamic Studies, 1(1), 52–73. https://doi.org/10.35335/beztg009

Mughni, J. A., Ridwan, M., & Muiz, M. A. (2025). Moderating Religion , Bridging Cultures : The Impact of Pesantren Riyadul ’ Ulum Wadda ’ wah on Intercultural Harmony. Indonesian Journal of Islamic Religious Education ( INJIRE ), 3(June).

Mukaffan, M., Wahyuningsih, N., & Romla, S. (2023). Teacher Leadership Models in Developing Cognitive Ability in Early Children. Jurnal Obsesi: Jurnal Pendidikan Anak Usia Dini, 7(4), 4997-5004.

Munawwar, M. F. (2020). Typical Literary Works of Pesantren on Righteousness Teaching within Cultural Transformation. Journal of Social Studies Education Research, 11(4), 114–148. https://jsser.org/index.php/jsser/article/view/2745

Munawwaroh, I. (2024). Enhancing Critical Thinking Through the Integration of Self-Directed Learning in Sustainable Education in Madrasah. AFKARINA: Jurnal Pendidikan Agama Islam, 9(1), 1–10. https://doi.org/10.33650/afkarina.v9i1.9352

Mundiri, A., Munawwaroh, I., Hadi, M. I., Baharun, H., Shudiq, W. J. F., & Maulidy, A. (2025). Artificial Intelligence (AI) Innovation in Education: From Data-Driven Learning to Automated Teaching. Proceedings of the 2025 IEEE International Conference on Industry 4.0, Artificial Intelligence, and Communications Technology, IAICT 2025, 173–180. https://doi.org/10.1109/IAICT65714.2025.11100623

Mundiri, A., Sain, Z. H., & Khomairohtusshiyamah, U. (2025). Reconstructing Transformational Leadership through Islamic Values: A Model for Improving Institutional Performance in Islamic Education. Mozaic: Islam Nusantara, 11(2), 125–136.

Park, W., & Cho, H. (2022). The interaction of history and STEM learning goals in teacher-developed curriculum materials: opportunities and challenges for STEAM education. Asia Pacific Education Review, 23(3), 457–474. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12564-022-09741-0

Qin, W. (2024). How to unleash frugal innovation through internet of things and artificial intelligence: Moderating role of entrepreneurial knowledge and future challenges. Technological Forecasting and Social Change, 202(February), 123286. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.techfore.2024.123286

Richardson, P. E., & Wilson, S. (2024). Evaluating a women’s digital inclusion and storytelling initiative through the lens of empowerment. Digital Geography and Society, 7(June 2023), 100092. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.diggeo.2024.100092

Schiuma, G., Santarsiero, F., Carlucci, D., & Jarrar, Y. (2024). Transformative leadership competencies for organizational digital transformation. Business Horizons, 67(4), 425–437. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bushor.2024.04.004

Seo, S., Park, H., & Koo, C. (2024). Impact of interactive learning elements on personal learning performance in immersive virtual reality for construction safety training. Expert Systems with Applications, 251(July 2023), 124099. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eswa.2024.124099

Sholehah, C. (2020). Childhood Mood Disorders During Pandemic; Learning Management Based on Self Discipline. MANAGERE: Indonesian Journal of Educational Management, 2(3), 331-344.

Sudirman, S., Ramadhita, R., Bachri, S., & Whindari, Y. (2025). Social Sciences & Humanities Open The transformation of state islamic higher education institutions into World-Class University : From globalisation to institutional values. Social Sciences & Humanities Open, 12(January), 101705. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ssaho.2025.101705

Sumanti, S. T., Nunzairina, & Salminawati. (2024). The Evolution of Islamic Educational Institutions in North Sumatra Indonesia. Nazhruna: Jurnal Pendidikan Islam, 7(1), 1–19. https://doi.org/10.31538/nzh.v7i1.4419

Thoyib, M., Ngoh, B., Badrudin, & Karisma, L. A. (2024). Innovative Change Strategies for Excellence in Islamic Education: Insights From Indonesia and Thailand. Jurnal Pendidikan Islam, 10(1), 63–74. https://doi.org/10.15575/jpi.v10i1.24909

Uyuni, B. (2024). Philosophical Foundations in Training Traditional Religious Educators: Bridging Past and Present. Futurity Philosophy, 3, 40–65. https://doi.org/10.57125/fp.2024.06.30.03

Wardi, M., Rusli, R., Mundiri, A., & Batul, Z. (2023). Pesantren-Based Principal Leadership Symbolic Interactionism Perspective in Schools. Al-Tanzim: Jurnal Manajemen Pendidikan Islam, 7(2), 665-677.

Yaiprasert, C., & Hidayanto, A. N. (2024). AI-powered ensemble machine learning to optimize cost strategies in logistics business. International Journal of Information Management Data Insights, 4(1), 100209. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jjimei.2023.100209

Yani, M. T., Mahfud, C., Rangga Sa’adillah, S. A. P., Bustami, M. R., Maskuri, & Taufiq, A. (2022). Advancing the discourse of Muslim politics in Indonesia: A study on political orientation of Kiai as religious elites in Nahdlatul Ulama. Heliyon, 8(12). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e12218

Zamroni, Fatmasari, R., Rasyidi, Baharun, H., Windiyani, T., & Putri, D. F. (2025). Artificial Intelligence as a Tool to Improve the Quality of Job-Ready Graduate Skills in Higher Education. Proceedings of the 2025 IEEE International Conference on Industry 4.0, Artificial Intelligence, and Communications Technology, IAICT 2025, 129–136. https://doi.org/10.1109/IAICT65714.2025.11101572


Dimensions, PlumX, and Google Scholar Metrics

10.33650/pjp.v12i1.10408


Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.


Copyright (c) 2025 Taqiyuddin Taqiyuddin, Iwan Iwan, Ade Apandi


This work is licensed under a CC BY-SA

Published by Institute for Publication, Research, and Community Service of Nurul Jadid University, Probolinggo, East Java, Indonesia.